Discrete variation refers to differences in characteristics that have a defined form. You can think of it as being either/or.
For example. Your earlobes are either attached or they are not. Or whether or not you can roll your tongue.
Continuous variation comes in a range of forms.
For example. Height - is not a set number or another.
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discrete
It is an example of continuous variations.
Continuous variations have a wide range of possibilities. For example, your height is a continuous variation. There are many options (for example you could be 5'9, 4'6, 6'1) rather than an either/or situation. Discrete variations have only two possibilities. They can be thought of as "either/or" situations. For example, you can either roll your tongue or you can't. There is no grey area or in-between.
Either fog occurs on a day, or it does not. Therefore it is a discrete value.
discrete