It's business terms. Not everything integration is Calculus. If you are a soldier who had trauma after war, there are integration programs for you. That is not to cut you in pieces and sum them up.
Forward integrationBackward integrationA business strategy that involves a form of vertical integration whereby activities are expanded to include control of the direct distribution of its productsA form of vertical integration that involves the purchase of suppliers in order to reduce dependency.
Hannah, Bob, Anna and Elle are examples. They are called palindromes.
Legacy system integration. ... Enterprise application integration (EAI) ... Third-party system integration. ... Business-to-business integration. ... Point-to-point model. ... Integration platform
It means that you substitute one expression by another, as a step of the integration. When you do a substitution, you must not forget to also substitute the differential in the integral, for example the "dx" (if the variable integrated is "x"). You can find some examples on how to do this in the Wikipedia article on "integration by substitution".
tang ina nyo ! ang bobo nyo .
backward integration is a form of vertical integration in which firm's control of its inputs or supplies. forward integration is a form of vertical integration in which firm's control of its distribution.
Backward integration is vertical integration that combines a core business with its suppliers. The advantages of backward integration may include assurance of the pricing, quality and availability of supplies, and efficiencies gained from coordinating production of supplies with their consumption. There are other means to these ends: for example, derivatives can hedge changes in the price of supplies, while working closely with suppliers can deliver the other gains.
It's business terms. Not everything integration is Calculus. If you are a soldier who had trauma after war, there are integration programs for you. That is not to cut you in pieces and sum them up.
example of backward linkages
Backward integration can lead to cost savings, better quality control, increased operational efficiency, and more control over the supply chain. It can also provide a competitive advantage by securing access to critical resources or technologies.
Forward integrationBackward integrationA business strategy that involves a form of vertical integration whereby activities are expanded to include control of the direct distribution of its productsA form of vertical integration that involves the purchase of suppliers in order to reduce dependency.
effective organization
Integrative growthA growth strategy in which a company increases its sales and profits through backward, forward, or horizontal integration within its industry. A company may acquire one or more of its suppliers to gain more control or generate more profits (backward integration). It might acquire some wholesalers or retailers, especially if they are highly profitable (forward integration). Or finally, it might acquire one or more competitors through acquisition (horizontal integration).
refers to vertical integration, that is, a company takes over certain stages upstream (Backward) or downstream(Forward) from its position in the supply chain. A steel manufacturing company that wants to integrate backwards would therefore buy the ore mine. refers to vertical integration, that is, a company takes over certain stages upstream (Backward) or downstream(Forward) from its position in the supply chain. A steel manufacturing company that wants to integrate backwards would therefore buy the ore mine.
Examples: -- up and down, but not sideways or forward and backward -- forward and backward, but not sideways or up and down -- left and right, but not forward and backward or up and down
Backward vertical integration is whereby an organisations gains ownership and power over it's suppliers. This is common in industries where costs are low and certainty is vital in maintaining competitive advantage. This strategy can be effective if current suppliers are unreliable, too costly and incapable of meeting the needs of an organisation. Forward vertical integration is whereby an organisation gains ownership and power over it's distributors and retailers. Examples can be the establishment of websites that sell directly to the consumer and therefore cutting the middle man. This strategy can be effective if distributors are unreliable and have high profit margins and incapable of serving the consumer.