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a hemisphere
semicircleA half circle is called a semicircle.Half a circle is a semi-circle
taking readings using theodolite keeping the vertical circle of the instrument on left side of the observer is called a face left observation and to measure horizontal angle the instrument is rotated(swing) in horizontal plane with respect to the vertical axis in a clockwise direction called rigt swing.
A part of a circle between two points on a circle is called is called an arc.
A squashed circle is called an elipse.