Infinity - 1
-1 is the largest negative integer.
Since you mention two's complement, we have to assume that you are dealing with positive and negative numbers which means that the highest order bit is the sign bit. So the maximum positive number would be hex 7F which is equivalent to 127 and the maximum negative number would be -128
10
The decimal complement of the number 1 is 8. You can find the complement of any digit by subtracting it from the largest single digit value in the base that you're working in.
6
Overflow in two's complement numbers occurs when the result of an arithmetic operation exceeds the range that can be represented by the given number of bits. This can cause the number to "wrap around" and appear as a negative value. For example, if adding two positive numbers results in a value greater than the maximum positive value that can be represented, the number will overflow and be interpreted as a negative value.
If the high-order bit is considered the sign bit then 100000 would represent the largest negative number (in 2's complement - used mostly in computers) which would be equivalent to -32 in decimal
The largest negative whole number is -1. The largest negative number including fractions would be -1/999999...
1's Complement, has two different codes for the number 0 (+0 & -0), negative numbers are the simple binary complement of positive numbers, is symmetrical (same number of negative and positive numbers can be represented), adder/subtractor must implement wraparound carry from MSB to LSB to get correct answer2's Complement, has only one code for the number 0 (+0), negative numbers are 1 greater than the simple binary complement of positive numbers, is asymmetrical (one extra negative number than positive numbers), adder/subtractor is identical to a simple unsigned binary adder/subtractor without any special carry circuits needed
Using the digits 12279, the largest number that can be represented is 97,221.
Infinity - 1
26
signed magnitude, one bit indicates the sign of the number and the other bits indicate the positive magnitude of the number (this system has two representations for zero: +0 and -0)one's complement, positive numbers are represented as their positive magnitude and negative numbers are represented as the complement of their positive magnitude (this system has two representations for zero: +0 and -0)two's complement, positive numbers are represented as their positive magnitude and negative numbers are represented as the complement of their positive magnitude plus one (this system is asymmetric about zero, with one more negative value than positive)offset binary, numbers are represented as the positive sum of their actual value and an offset (this system is asymmetric about zero, typically with one more negative value than positive)Most modern systems use two's complement for fixed point numbers (because the arithmetic circuitry is simpler than the others) and a combination of signed magnitude and offset binary for floating point numbers (because this format allows the same instructions for comparing fixed point numbers to also be used to compare floating point numbers, reducing the number of different instructions and the circuitry to implement them),
-1 is the largest negative integer.
You take 1245 and form the two's complement of it then add it to D257. The two's complement of a number is defined as the 1's complement + 1. In signed two's complement arithmetic, the most significant bit is the "sign" bit. 1 indicates a negative number and 0 indicates a positive number. To find the magnitude of a negative number, take it's two's complement (ignoring carry bits). To get the two's complement of 1245, take the 1's complement of 1245 and add 1. In binary 1245 is 0001001001000101. The one's complement is 1110110110111010 (in hex that's EDBA) . Adding 1 to this will give you the two's complement. That is EDBA+0001 (ignore the carry if any), is EDBB. Now you add EDBB to D257 and ignore any carry, so that will be 1C012 (throw away the carry bit), C012. C012 is a negative number (the sign bit, the most significant bit, is 1). To find its magnitude, apply the two's complement algorithm above, and you'll find it to be -16365. Note: D257 is a negative number, and you're subracting a positive number, so you're going to end up with another negative number, i.e. adding the two's complement of a number is the same thing as subtracting the number. You can check your result by doing the math in decimal to see if it adds up. D257 in decimal = -11688 (you apply the two's complement to the number to find the magnitude, and the sign is negative because the sign bit, the most signficant bit is 1). 1245 in decimal = 4677. -11688-4677 = -16365 (which in hex signed two's complement is C012).
In 1's complement addition, negative numbers are represented by flipping all the bits of the positive number. To add two numbers, you add them as usual and then adjust for any carry that occurs. Key features include simplicity of implementation and the ability to represent both positive and negative numbers using the same operations.