The idea is to convert each hexadecimal digit separately, filling out with zeros to the left so that you have 4 bits for each hex digit. For example, 5 = 0101. Repeat for the other numbers, and write them one after the other. You should learn to do this in your head, or using pencil and paper; but in case of doubt, you can quickly check this with the Windows calculator.
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Computers do much of their processing in binary. Hexadecimal is used as a kind of shortcut (easier to read for humans): each hexadecimal digit represents four binary digits.
13541
That can't be an octal number; it has an 8 in it.
0xFFEF + 1 = 0xFFF0.
hexa-decagon