In y = x^n, n is called the exponent while x^n is called a power of n. Power really refers to a power function, which is more than simply the exponent.
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Exponent=e to the powerPower=m to the power ni.e Power=Generalized exponent
The mantissa is multiplied by 10 raised to the power as shown by the exponent. So, if the exponent is 4, then you multiply the mantissa by 10^4 = 10,000. If the exponent is -4 then you multiply the mantissa by 10^(-4) = 0.0001 or, equivalently, divide by 10^4.
Power = 5 = exponent. That is, exponent = 5.
You can but it has no particular significance.
The exponent is 2 - from the SECOND power.