Homogeneity means that the statistical properties of the variable which is being studied remain the same across the population. Heterogeneity means that they do not: it could be that the mean changes between different subsets of the population or the variance does.
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It is the estimate of between-study variance, to quantify heterogeneity
data classification in statistics
The difference between two variances
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Statistic is singular; statistics is plural. Statistic is a single data point. Statistics is the study of collections of related data points.