A factor of a composite number need not be a Prime number, some factors are themselves composite. Prime factorisation is continuing to factorise each factor unless it is a prime.
For example, start with 30.
6 goes into 30 so finding a factor is satisfied by simply identifying 6 as a factor of 30.
Now 30 = 5*6 where 5 is a prime, but 6 is not so we need to factorise 6.
6 = 2*3
and therefore, 30 = 5*2*3 = 2*3*5
The last is the prime factorisation of 30.
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A factor tree is a representation of the process of finding the prime factorization of a given number.
You can find the balance factor of a node by finding the difference in height of its children.
Factor trees are ways of notating the process of finding the prime factorization of a given composite number and, as such, should result in an identifiable string of prime factors.
Greatest Prime Factor of 70The prime factorization of 70 is 2 X 5 X 7, so the greatest prime factor in the prime factorization of 70 is 7.
The lowest factor is 2 and the highest is 11 so the difference would be 9.