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The shape of a molecule only describes the arrangement of bonds around a central atom. The arrangement of electron pairs describes how both the bonding and nonbonding electron pair are arranged.

For example, in its molecular shape, a water molecule is describes as bent, with two hydrogen atoms bonded to an oxygen atom. However, the arrangement of electron pairs around the oxygen atom is tetrahedral as there are two bonding pairs (shared with the hydrogen) and also two nonbonding pairs.

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