F in hexadecimal is 17 in octal.
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Octal: 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Hexadecimal: 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A B C D E F
Nothing. It just happens to be the largest digit and that is probably because we count in ten and that, in turn, is because humans have ten fingers (including thumbs). The divisibility rule for 9 etc would work with any base. The number 7 in octal, or F (=1510) in hexadecimal have the same properties.
Hexadecimal uses the digits 0-9 and the letters a-f (in either upper case A-F, or lower case a-f). You appear to have used a letter O in upper case and lower case (o). Neither is a valid [standard] hexadecimal digit; so 3EO and 3Eo both mean the same in hexadecimal: a non-valid number. 3E0 and 3e0 are both valid hexadecimal numbers that mean the same (as the decimal number 992). In C, to signify a hexadecimal number it is preceded by 0X or 0x (that is zero-letter X), as in 0x3E0, etc.
It is called Hexadecimal
9