2n, where n is the number of bits available.
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An 8-bit unsigned integer can represent values ranging from 0 to 255. This is because, with 8 bits, there are (2^8 = 256) possible combinations of binary digits. Therefore, the smallest value is 0 (all bits are 0) and the largest value is 255 (all bits are 1).
Signed integer is any integer that carries negative sign while unsigned integer is any integer that carries positive sign
With 5 bits, you can represent (2^5) different numbers, which equals 32. This includes numbers ranging from 0 to 31 in unsigned binary representation. If using signed binary representation (like two's complement), the range would be from -16 to 15, still allowing for 32 distinct values.