The answer depends on how large the object is, what instrument is used to measure it and the skill level and attitude of the person doing the measurement.
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Improper calibration of the measuring instrument. If the measuring instrument is not at zero prior to measuring the object you will get a systematic error which, is a value either always higher or always lower then the actual value of the object.
I'm assuming you're measuring somethings' displacement along a scale. There are three simple ways of reducing parallax error in that case: 1: Attach a straight object (like a ruler or straightened paperclip) to the thing you're measuring the displacement of, it should stick out of the object perpendicularly to the scale you're measuring the displacement on. 2: Make sure that object is as close to your scale as possible, but not touching. 3: Put your eyes level with the object, and as close to it as you safely can.
It is necessary because measuring tools help you measure the length of an object accurately.
[object Object]
Ah, the length to mass ratio, also known as the aspect ratio, is a simple concept. It's just the ratio of an object's length to its mass. So, if you have a long, skinny object that weighs very little, you'll have a high length to mass ratio. And if you have a short, heavy object, you'll have a low length to mass ratio. Easy peasy lemon squeezy.