C to O in the ratio 1 : 2.
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The ratio of atoms in monosaccharides is 1 carbon: 2 hydrogen: 1 oxygen.
A chemical formula gives the number ratio of the different kinds of atoms present in the compound. This means that the ratios are the same if you count in individual atoms, dozens of atoms, or molecules of atoms.
The answer depends on the compound.
There are two atoms of oxygen in the molecule. One of carbon and two of oxygen to get CO2.
The chemical formula of the compound shows the ratio of the atoms of elements in a compound. This must not be confused with the ratio of their masses.