In addition and subtraction you take the most number of sig figs.
312.45 - 3.0 = 3.0945 X 10^2
5 sig figs 2 sig figs answer needs to have 5 sig figs
In multiplication and division it is the least number.
312.45 X 3.0 = 9.4 X 10^2
5 sig figs 2 sig figs answer needs to have at MOST 2 sig figs
in decimals if there is no number before the decimal, i.e.; 0.xxxx then leading zeros do NOT count as significant. Meaning 0.000010 is only 2 significant figures. The 1 and the zero after the 1.
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keep your decimals in the right position
When adding and/or subtracting, your answer can only show as many decimal places as the measurement having the fewest number in the decimal places.
Grace The rule for dividing decimals is: dad: divide mom: multiply sister: subtract brother: Bring down Rover: Repeat
The rule when rounding off numbers is "If the first figure to be discarded is 5 or more then the previous figure is increased by 1". The first figure to be discarded is '6' and as this is greater than 5 then the previous figure (4) is increased by 1 (to 5). 29.46 when rounded off to three significant figures is 29.5.
To three significant figure, 483.54 becomes 484. The rule when rounding off numbers is "If the first figure to be discarded is 5 or more then the previous figure is increased by 1". Expressed in Scientific Notation, 484 becomes 4.84 x 102.