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A measure of the mechanical damping. The logarithmic decrement is measured dynamically using a torsion pendulum, vibrating reed, or some other free vibration instrument, and is calculated from the natural logarithm of the ratio of the amplitudes of any two oscillations. Its formulation is: whereAi = amplitude of the ith oscillationA(i+n) = amplitude of the oscillation n vibrations after the ith oscillation.
Decibel is no real unit, it is a pseudo unit. The decibel (dB) is a logarithmic unit that indicates the ratio of a physical quantity. A change in voltage ratio by a factor of two is approximately a 6 dB change. A change in power ratio by a factor of two is approximately a 3dB change.
Exponents
Logarithmic functions are converted to become exponential functions because both are inverses of one another.
A basic logarithmic equation would be of the form y = a + b*ln(x)