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motion occurs when an object changes its position relative to a reference point.
Main application of rectilinear motion in the field of science is to find the motion, position and distance of an object. It can also be used to make comparison between the parameters of object in real field, relative velocity, relative motion and acceleration of an object can be determined. Thus, using the equations of rectilinear motion, one can take advantage in the field like factories of machinery where the terms like motion, acceleration, position of object are main functioning concern. Practically, to design something on the basis of motion, acceleration , etc , the equations of rectilinear motion are of great importance.
Yes. It always is when the motion is all in a straight line.
A body undergoes simple harmonic motion if the acceleration of the particle is proportional to the displacement of the particle from the mean position and the acceleration is always directed towards that mean. Provided the amplitude is small, a swing is an example of simple harmonic motion.
The motion along a straight line is known as rectilinear motion.