The solar analemma is an elongated figure of eight. There are three main parameters which define the shape - obliquity, eccentricity and the angle between the apse line and the line of solstice. The distance from the node, along the north-south lobes show the latitude [on Earth] at which the sun is overhead. This is a measure of the earth's axial tilt.
The distance from the vertical axis - in the east-west direction - is a measure of the difference between the time as shown by the sun's position and clock time. This is a measure of the eccentricity of the earth's orbit.
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They both show a part of a number
synonyms; same as
The outer circles show the difference between the two sides. The center where they join are the area they are the same. This is a great graphic way to show comparison of two things or ideas.
I think the magic word here is Analemma and you'll find a wikipedia article of good quality.
Compounded or consisting of two things or parts; characterized by two (things)., That which is constituted of two figures, things, or parts; two; duality.