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Muhammad ibn Musa al-Khwarizmi
by 2000 bc
The first systematic book on algebra was written in Baghdad, Iraq. However, algebraic methods were also used in China, India, Egypt and Greece long before that.
Geometry did not originate in India.
The word "algebra" came from the Arabic "al-jabr," meaning restoration. But algebra itself came earlier from India, the ancient Babylonians, Greeks, Chinese, and Egyptians.