Because it would usually be prohibitively expensive and time consuming to collect information from every single member of the population and because the law of large numbers is sufficiently robust to allow most characteristics of a population to be measured with sufficient accuracy from a sample.
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sample is the population we make our study about them.
It means that the results of the study cannot be claimed to hold for the entire population from which the sample was drawn. The researchers can only claim that their results hold for the individuals selected into their sample.
The Population of the data set. If there was a study of 5000 people, 50 were randomly selected as a sample, then "N" would be 5000.
A sample from a population of 1,000 people can consist of any number from 1 to 1,000 individuals, depending on the sampling method and purpose of the study. Typically, researchers choose a sample size that is manageable and representative, often ranging from a few dozen to several hundred individuals. The key is to ensure the sample accurately reflects the characteristics of the overall population to draw valid conclusions.
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