You need to know calculus, as well as other advanced math topics, if you are going to work in engineering, physics or astronomy, chemistry, (sometimes) Biology and generally any science. Otherwise, for many other areas, you really don't need calculus - although knowing the basics is interesting, for general culture.
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You'll need it up until calculus. It's a base.
Companies have profit functions that depend on the quantity of a product they produce. Using calculus, we can figure out how to maximize profit.
Trigonometry is engineering math, but If you are going to study something in physics, or science, (basically this is "applied science"), you will need lots of calculus. calculus appears a lot in "Stargate".
Mechanical engineering usually deals with forces and their effects on materials. Forces are vectors and so, to study their effects you need to use vector calculus.
Precalculus is not something that was invented. It is merely the things about mathematics that you need to know before you can begin the study of calculus.