Most random variables are found to follow the probability distribution function
All this means is that most things which can be measured quantitatively, like a population's height, the accuracy of a machine, effectiveness of a drug on fighting bacteria, etc. will occur with a probability that can be calculated according to this equation. Since most things follow this equation, this equation is considered to be the "normal" probability density. "Normal" events follow a "normal" probability distribution.
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It is called a normal distribution.
It has no special name - other than a normal (or Gaussian) distribution graph.
One.
Because very many variables tend to have the Gaussian distribution. Furthermore, even if the underlying distribution is non-Gaussian, the distribution of the means of repeated samples will be Gaussian. As a result, the Gaussian distributions are also referred to as Normal.
No, the normal distribution is strictly unimodal.