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In a connected component of a graph with Mi vertices, the maximum number of edges is

MiC2 or Mi(Mi-1)/2. So if we have k components and each component has Mi vertices

then the maximum number of edges for the graph is M1C2+M2C2+...+MKC2.

Of course the sum of Mi as i goes from 1 to k must be n since the sum of the vertices in each component is the sum of all the vertices in the graph which you gave as n.

Where MC2 means choose 2 from M and there are M(M-1)/2 ways to do that.

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