Yes. The Fundamental Theorem of Arithmetic states that every composite number has one and only one prime factorization; the above is one expression of this fact.
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A composite factor is a factor that is a composite number, as opposed to a prime factor which is a factor that is a prime number.
The breaking down of a composite number into its prime number factors.
A composite number.
37 is a prime number. A prime number has only 2 factors which are 1 and itself. Composite numbers are everything else except 1 and 0. 1 and 0 are neither prime, nor composite.
All natural numbers (counting numbers) greater than one are either prime or composite. If divisible by only one and the number itself, it is prime; if divisible by other natural numbers, then is composite. One is the only natural number that is neither prime nor composite.