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Uses side grids to address and refresh rows in order to display a picture on the LCD. So a 800x600 SVGA would require 800x600 transistors horizontally and top to bottom. The screen would then be scanned top to bottom to refresg display.

Active matrix uses thin film transistor(TFT), each pixel or crystal on the display has its own address. This increases speed and contrast when refreshing the display.

In a nutshell passive matrix uses one switch per column, active matrix is able to address each individual LCD.

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Q: What is a Passive matrix LCD?
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