Numbers without factors are PRIME Numbers.
Taking the first ten numbers.
1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10.
The prime numbers are 2,3,5,7, they have no factors.
4,6,8,9,10. Are not prime numbers as they have factors.
4 has a factor of '2'
6 has factors of '2 & 3'.
8 has factors of' 2 & 4'. or' 2,2,2.'
9 has factors of '3,3',
10 has factors of '2 5.'
'1' is unique
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A composite number has three or more factors.
When you are finding common factors, one method is to list the factors.
multiply
If a number has equal factors, it is a perfect square and the equal factors would be square roots.
If a number has three factors, it's a perfect square. One of those three factors (apart from 1 and the number itself) would be the square root.