Yes, Galileo and Newton built upon Copernicus' heliocentric theory of the universe by providing further evidence and support through their own observations and laws of motion. Galileo's telescopic observations confirmed Copernicus' model, while Newton's laws of motion and universal gravitation explained the physical principles behind the heliocentric system.
Galileo did not have his own theory. He was a supporter of Copernicus's heliocentric theory and an opponent of the geocentric Ptolemaic theory. Eventually both theories were rejected in favour of Kepler's theory. But Kepler's theory uses the heliocentric idea from Copernicus's theory.
Isaac Newton is the great mathematician and physicist who brought together the theories and discoveries of Copernicus, Kepler, and Galileo under his theory of motion, known as the laws of motion and universal gravitation. His work laid the foundation for classical mechanics and revolutionized our understanding of the physical world.
Isaac Newton.
Actually, no one challenged his theory. In fact the next real astronomer, to even come back to his theory was Galileo, who came around fifty years later. There were absolutely no challenges to his theory, but between the fifty years of Copernicus's death, and Galileo proving Copernicus right, his theory was shunned, and the church passed a law that saying his name was illegal.
Galileo did not propose a heliocentric theory, he agreed with Copernicus and his heliocentric theory. The Catholic church, at the time, disagreed and they held a huge amount of power and put him on trial.
Copernicus proposed the theory of a heliocentric model while Galileo improved the telescope, studied Jupiter's moons, and supported the heliocentric model
Galileo
Newton explained his theory
Galileo did not have his own theory. He was a supporter of Copernicus's heliocentric theory and an opponent of the geocentric Ptolemaic theory. Eventually both theories were rejected in favour of Kepler's theory. But Kepler's theory uses the heliocentric idea from Copernicus's theory.
Isaac Newton is the great mathematician and physicist who brought together the theories and discoveries of Copernicus, Kepler, and Galileo under his theory of motion, known as the laws of motion and universal gravitation. His work laid the foundation for classical mechanics and revolutionized our understanding of the physical world.
No Nicolaus Copernicus created it (although the planet's orbits were perfect circles in his model). Isaac Newton expanded on it. After Copernicus, Johannes Kepler stated that the orbits were elliptical. Isaac Newton came up with the theory of universal gravitation.
Isaac Newton.
Copernicus was in 1543, a polish astronomer named Nicolaus Copernicus. Copernicus's theory - The sun is at the center of the Universe. Galileo Galilei was in 1609, Galileo became the first person to use a telescope to observe celestial bodies.
Contrary to most people of the 14th Century, Copernicus believed that the Earth revolved around the sun. Galileo later proved Copernicus' theory to be correct.
The discovery did not support Copernicus's theory directly but it raised doubts about the ancient theory of Ptolemy that said that all objects in the sky are in orbit round the Earth. Galileo was an aggressive supporter of Copernicus's theory but eventually it was Kepler's theory that became accepted and is still used today. Both Copernicus and Kepler placed the Sun at the centre but Kepler's elliptical orbits are supported by the later theory of dynamics.
Actually, no one challenged his theory. In fact the next real astronomer, to even come back to his theory was Galileo, who came around fifty years later. There were absolutely no challenges to his theory, but between the fifty years of Copernicus's death, and Galileo proving Copernicus right, his theory was shunned, and the church passed a law that saying his name was illegal.
The two main proponents in the early days were Nicolas Copernicus and Galileo.