The discovery did not support Copernicus's theory directly but it raised doubts about the ancient theory of Ptolemy that said that all objects in the sky are in orbit round the Earth.
Galileo was an aggressive supporter of Copernicus's theory but eventually it was Kepler's theory that became accepted and is still used today. Both Copernicus and Kepler placed the Sun at the centre but Kepler's elliptical orbits are supported by the later theory of dynamics.
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He thought of and supported the heliocentric model, which states the "heavens" revolve around the Sun.
Kepler completely replaced Copernicus's theory of the orbits of the planets, which was based on circles an epicycles, with a new theory using elliptical orbits. However Kepler retained Copernicus's idea of placing the Sun at the centre.
The ideaitself tend toward the "heaviest" center was basis of the geocentric system. Copernicus argued that movement was basis of that system is only perceived, not real and used examples to predict the movement of planets to support his own theory
Galileo's observations with his telescope supported the concept of heliocentricism. He noted that the satellites of Jupiter and Venus, based on their range of phases, did not match geocentricism supported by Ptolemy. He noted that based on these findings, that the Heliocentric theory was correct.
Yes. He had a very high level of education, through the support of his uncle. He studied in several universities in several countries, and did subjects like law, Greek Language and mathematical science.