A Scalar value is considered to only need a magnitude. A magnitude is just a value. Speed is considered a scalar quantity since it does not tell you anything about direction, just that's it's going 60 mph.
A vector quantity is made up of both a magnitude and a direction. An example is velocity. Velocity you state how fast you are going, and the direction in which you are going in.
vector
scalar
A scalar is a magnitude that doesn't specify a direction. A vector is a magnitude where the direction is important and is specified.
The product of a vector and a scalar is a new vector whose magnitude is the product of the magnitude of the original vector and the scalar, and whose direction remains the same as the original vector if the scalar is positive or in the opposite direction if the scalar is negative.
Hours is a scalar quantity, as it only represents the magnitude of time elapsed and does not have a direction associated with it.
Mass is a scalar quantity, as it only requires a magnitude to describe it. Acceleration is a vector quantity, as it involves both magnitude and direction to fully describe it.
A scalar times a vector is a vector.
vector
Scalar
When multiplying a vector by a scalar, each component of the vector is multiplied by the scalar. This operation changes the magnitude of the vector but not its direction. Similarly, dividing a vector by a scalar involves dividing each component of the vector by the scalar.
An earthquake is neither a scalar nor a vector. It is an event.
vector
vector
Yes, you can multiply a vector by a scalar. The scalar will multiply each component of the vector by the same value, resulting in a new vector with each component scaled by that value.
Scalar
scalar
Time is scalar