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He saw that there were satellies around Jupiter which showed that the Earth was not the centre of rotation of the solar system, but it did not disprove that the Sun went round the Earth. He also saw that Venus went through a full set of phases like the moon. Heliocentrism was also made proposed and supported by Copernicus and Kepler. Galileo just help to prove it with his observations of the Galilean moons and Venus.
Galileo's observation of the phases of Venus, where it showed a full range of phases just like the Moon, directly contradicted the geocentric model which predicted that only crescent and gibbous phases should be visible. This provided strong evidence in support of the heliocentric model of the universe proposed by Copernicus.
From ancient Greece until the early 17th Century, the dominant theory was that the Earth was the centre of all things and everything else was in orbit around the Earth.
Galileo disproved this by observing, over a series of nights, the movement of four stars (at that time, and to some extent in the present day, "star" was used to describe any point of light in the night sky, with the exception of the Moon) near Jupiter. From their motion relative to Jupiter (including their disappearance behind it and re-emergence at the other side) he was able to conclude that these stars were in orbit around Jupiter and not the Earth, and that was the end of Aristotelian cosmology.
He used a telescope and first found Jupiter and the Galilean (they're named after him) moons orbiting it. He then looked at the planets and plotted their courses from a geocentric viewpoint. He saw the planets would be going in very complex and illogical patterns, so he thought that the planets orbited the Sun, like the Galilean moons that orbit Jupiter. He published a book before the Church could stop him and people started to believe him.
Copernicus' theory, also known as the heliocentric theory, basically stated that the sun was the center of the solar system and that the earth and the other planets revolved around it. This opposed Aristotle's geocentric theory.
He found the earth was not in the center and found there are more than sun and earth. He found stars and other things that we see today in the night sky.
Comment: Amongst other things, he found 4 moons around Jupiter, craters on
the Moon and that Venus had phases like the Moon has. Also he observed
Saturn's rings.
1. Galileo discovered four moons in orbit around the planet Jupiter. Because the moons orbited Jupiter, they could not orbit theearth.
2. Galileo discovered that the Venus has phases (similar to the earth). Also varies in size (radius of the partial Venus disk) on different nights. When Venus is a silver / crescent (almost a "new Venus"), it was bigger than when it was almost full. The cycle repeats over the course of several months.
a.) Because the radius of Venus changes, it must be at different distances from the earth in different months. (It is not traveling in a circle around the earth.) Because the phases coincided with the size variation, it must be orbiting the sun, and be closer to the sun than earth. (Too bad I cannot draw a diagram).
Galileo had several other proofs as well.
Kepler discovered that if you assume the following three rules, they quite accurately
explain all the motions we see the planets make in the sky over periods of many years:
1). Each planet moves along a path that is an ellipse with the sun at one focus.
2). The line from the sun to the planet sweeps out equal areas in equal
amounts of time. So the planet must move fastest when it's closest to the sun,
and slowest when it's farthest from the sun.
3).
(The square of the time the planet takes to complete one orbit)
divided by
(The cube of half the length of the ellipse that the planet is traveling)
is the same number for every planet in the solar system.
The planet's size or mass make no difference. The length of its 'year' only
depends on the size and shape of its orbit.
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Kepler didn't prove anything. His laws, and Newton's 'law' of gravity that shows
why Kepler's laws must happen that way, are all 'only theories'. It so happens
that they very closely explain what we see actually happening in the sky, and
when we do things based on these laws ... like send people to the moon or
spacecraft to other planets, they work pretty well. But that doesn't 'prove' them.
They're still 'just theories'. They can't be proven, not in a million years. But they
can be dis-proven in a second. If you come in with a different theory that explains
what we see in the sky better than Kepler and Newton do, and makes predictions
that work better, then their theories will go straight to the dumpster, yours will be
accepted, and you'll be invited to all the Physics Department parties.
The real bottom line is: The scientist's job is not to prove things. It's his job to
dis-prove things. A new idea is only accepted when all the scientists working
together can't find any good reason why it's not true. Good scientists don't go
around looking for evidence to support their theories. They work to put together
a theory that supports the evidence they already have.
That's how science works.
Copernicus's model resembled the ancient system of Ptolemy in that it used circles and epicycles. Both theories gave orbits that were circular but with the Sun off-centre. But Copernicus's theory differed by putting the Sun at the centre instead of the Earth.
That basic fact was used by Kepler in his work that discovered that the planet's orbits are very nearly circular but not quite, and are correctly described as ellipses, albeit with low eccentricity. Later the explanation of elliptical orbits came from Newton's theoretical discoveries in gravity, dynamics and calculus.
So the time-line goes Ptolemy-Copernicus-Kepler-Newton.
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Why did the wanderers create problems with the geocentric theory?
The geocentric theory, which placed Earth at the center of the universe, faced challenges from the wanderers (planets) because their movements did not align with the geocentric model. Observations of the planets' irregular paths in the sky led to the eventual development of the heliocentric model, where the Sun, not Earth, is at the center of the solar system.
Which astronomwers contributed to the destruction of the geocentric view of the universe?
Christoph Scheiner, and Johannes Kepler, were the astronomers who contributed to the destruction of the geocentric view of the universe.
What was foundation of Ptolemys geocentric model of the universe?
Earth was the center of the universe
Who developed ideas that contradicted Ptolemys geocentric model of the universe?
Scientists such as Nicolaus Copernicus and Galileo Galilei developed ideas that contradicted Ptolemy's geocentric model of the universe. Copernicus proposed a heliocentric model with the sun at the center, while Galileo's observations through a telescope supported this idea, leading to the eventual acceptance of the heliocentric model.
Why was the Catholic Church threatened by Galileos observations of the universe?
Because the Catholic doctrine was that Rome was the centre of the universe and all things revolved round it. When Galileo saw the moons of Jupiter orbiting jupiter, this proved that Catholic teaching and beliefs were wrong and if this was wrong, what else about Catholic teaching may be wrong!
Galileos observations seemed to indicate that?
the Earth revolves around the Sun, which challenged the geocentric model of the universe. His discoveries also supported the heliocentric model proposed by Copernicus. Galileo's observations with the telescope provided evidence for this idea.
If you believe that the universe is geocentric?
The universe is not geocentric - it has no center. Only Luna is geocentric.
What are the geocentric and heliocentric theories of the universe?
The Geocentric or Ptolemaic Model put the earth at the center of the Universe. The Heliocentric Model postulated by Copernicus and, before him, Aristarchus, places the Sun at the center of the Solar System. Galileo's observations proved the validity of the Heliocentric Model.
How the geocentric model of the universe stated that?
The geocentric modelof the universe stated that the earth was at the centre of the universe.
Who was the first scientist to dispute the geocentric universe?
Copernicus (16C); supported later by Galileo using observations aided by the newly-developed telescope.
What is the impact of another universe?
Apparently not much, because after all the astronomical, cosmological, and relativistic observations made for hundreds of years, the mere existence of another universe can neither be confirmed nor disproved.
Why did churches believe in geocentric theory?
They believed in a universe with the Earth at the centre because the scriptures said that. At the start the Earth was the universe, and the sky was only a part of it. They had no reason to disbelieve the geocentric theory until adequate proof came that the Sun is at the centre, after Kepler's work on planetary observations and Newton's theoretical discoveries.
Who had a geocentric view of the universe?
Ptolemy
Why did the wanderers create problems with the geocentric theory?
The geocentric theory, which placed Earth at the center of the universe, faced challenges from the wanderers (planets) because their movements did not align with the geocentric model. Observations of the planets' irregular paths in the sky led to the eventual development of the heliocentric model, where the Sun, not Earth, is at the center of the solar system.
Which astronomers contributed to the edestruction of the geocentric view of the universe a iSlmamlhdiI?
Islamic astronomers contributed to the edestruction of the geocentric view of the universe a iSlmamlhdiI.
Did Aristotle believe in geocentric or heliocentric?
Aristotle believed in a geocentric model, where the Earth is at the center of the universe, with celestial bodies revolving around it.
Why Aristotle believe in geocentric?
Aristotle believed in a geocentric model of the universe because it aligned with his concept of natural motion, where he believed that the Earth was the center of the universe and that celestial bodies moved in uniform circular motion around it. This perspective was also supported by observations of apparent motion of celestial bodies in the sky.
