A diliation is a reduction if the scale factor is: less than 1.
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A scale factor whose absolute value is greater than one is an enlargement whereas if the absolute value is less than 1 it is a reduction.
greater then 1
If the dilation is >0 but <1, it is a reduction. If it is any number >1, it is an enlargement.
0.5
The scale factor between the 2 values is 36/18 = 6/3 = 2(but the dilation from 36 to 18, specifically, is 1/2, since 18/36 = 1/2).