No. The first is a measure of length, the second is a measure of angular displacement.
If you have two circles with arcs of the same angular measure, the lengths of the arcs will not be the same.
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a minor arc measures less than 180 degrees...
Sometimes~ Minor arcs have central angles less than 180 degrees because 180 is a semi-circle and above 180 is a major arc. An acute angle is less than 90 degrees, so this is only true sometimes.
50 pennies equal one half of the major unit of currency. Since many countries use pennies as their minor currency units and their major units don't all have the same name, it is not possible to be any more precise.
The short answer is: because that is what a kite is. Long answer (although some minor steps have been skipped): Consider a kite, ABCD, where AB = DA and BC = CD Draw the diagonal AC. Then triangles ABC and ACD are congruent (SSS). So angle BAC = angle DAC. Now draw diagonal BD which intersects AC at E. Then triangles ABE and ADE are congruent (SAS) So angle AEB = angle AED. But these angles are supplementary. Therefore they must be right angles.
Major is a word. It is the antonym of minor.