Yes, any data point outside thestandard deviation its an outlier
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Yes.
Range subtracts the lowest value from the value in your data set. If you have an outlier, meaning a number either obviously outside the data, your range will be incorrect because one of the values will not represent the average pattern of the data. For example: if your data values include 1,2,3,4,and 17, 17 would be the outlier. The range would be 16 which is not truly representative of the rest of the data.
The one that does not belong
An* outlier is a number that is much, much greater or much, much less than all/most of the other points. Basically the one that messes up the average, so usually outliers are counted out when finding the mean of a set.
No. But there can be more than one data point which has the same value as the mean for the set of numbers. Or there can be none that take the mean value.