they express the numbers using scientific notation
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in scientific notation, as in 4,000,000 = 4 x 10 to the 6th
scientific notation is any number in between 1 and 10
Very small or very large numbers.
There is no such actual number. It is a created word for a very large number. As with "googolplex" (10googol), large numbers are only useful for comparing to other very large numbers.
That system makes it much easier to write the numbers, remember them, tell them to others, and notice mistakes when they're written wrong.
It separates the numbers
Standard form is a way of writing down very large or very small numbers. It is not too useful for 52 which is 25. But we would write it as 2.5x10. That is the standard form.