I usually start from the bottom - is 2 a factor, yes indeed. Then start over. Is 2 a factor, yes. Start over. Is 2 a factor, yes. Is 2 a factor, no. Is 3 a factor, no. is 4 a factor, no. Done.
2, 2, 2, 5
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because if you divide 40 by 1,2,4,and5 you will get the answer (and what about 8, 10, 20, and 40 ? are they nothing but chopped liver ?)
40 has four factor pairs:40 = 1 x 4040 = 2 x 2040 = 4 x 1040 = 5 x 8
1x40 2x20 4x10 5x8
Looking at factor pairs of 40: {1*40, 2*20, 4*10, 5*8}, 4 & 10 should work:To get -40 one of them must be negative: -10*4 = -40, and -10 + 4 = -6
(120,1)(60,2)(40,3)(30,4)(24,5)(20,6)(15,8)(12,10)