Most science experiments will have two independent variables. Fundamentally, an experiment will want as few variables as possible for better results.
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A researcher wishes to design a fully blocked experiment with groups of subjects representing every possible combination of 1 explanatory variable (control vs. treatment) and 3 other variables (male vs. female, old vs. young, healthy vs. ill) for a total of 4 variables. 16
3 variables
Infinitely many.
How am i supposed to know!
An equation with absolute values instead of simple variables has twice as many solutions as an otherwise identical equation with simple variables, because every absolute value has both a negative and a positive counterpart.