A Deficit or a short fall represents a lack of a value. for Example a deficit of 100 rupees in a budget means that we are short of Rs. 100/- to complete the budget and hence the deficit is shown as "-100"
It is shown as a negative value to signify the fact that, this value is less than 0.
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If you multiply a negative number with a positive number, the result will be negative. If you multiply two negatives, the result will be positive.
A negative number squared equals a positive number. When multiplying, odd numbers of negatives result in a negative answer, and even numbers of negatives result in a positive answer.
The rules for the sign (positive or negative) of the result of a multiplication is the same as division. For multiplication: Positive * Positive --> Positive Positive * Negative --> Negative Negative * Positive --> Negative Negative * Negative --> Positive For division: Positive / Positive --> Positive Positive / Negative --> Negative Negative / Positive --> Negative Negative / Negative --> Positive
It depends on what you do with the negative and positive. If you multiply or divide a positive number and a negative number, then the answer is negative. If you add or subtract a positive number and a negative number, the answer could be negative or positive depending on the numbers involved. If you put a negative sign in front of a positive number, the result is a negative number. If you put a positive sign in front of a negative number (like +(-7)), the result is still negative.
If both factors have the same sign (both positive, or both negative), the result is positive. Otherwise (one factor is positive, one negative), the result is negative.