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What are equivalence relations?

Updated: 4/28/2022
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An equivalence relation r on a set U is a relation that is symmetric (A r Bimplies B r A), reflexive (Ar A) and transitive (A rB and B r C implies Ar C). If these three properties are true for all elements A, B, and C in U, then r is a equivalence relation on U.

For example, let U be the set of people that live in exactly 1 house. Let r be the relation on Usuch that A r B means that persons A and B live in the same house. Then ris symmetric since if A lives in the same house as B, then B lives in the same house as A. It is reflexive since A lives in the same house as him or herself. It is transitive, since if A lives in the same house as B, and B lives in the same house as C, then Alives in the same house as C. So among people who live in exactly one house, living together is an equivalence relation.

The most well known equivalence relation is the familiar "equals" relationship.

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How many equivalence relations are there on a set with four elements?

16


X equals x demonstrates what property of equality?

The reflexive property, which is a property of all equivalence relations. Two other properties, besides reflexivity, of equivalence relations are: symmetry and transitivity.


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I guess you mean to ask:'x = x exemplifies what property of the relation of equality?'.If so, then the answer is:The reflexive property, which is a property of all equivalence relations.Two other properties, besides reflexivity, of equivalence relations are:symmetry and transitivity.


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it depends on the strength of the acid and base used: so, strong acid + strong base = neutral equivalence point strong acid + weak base = acidic equivalence point weak acid + strong base = basic equivalence point In this case, HCl is a strong acid, and Na2CO3 a weak base. Therefore, the equivalence point will be slightly acidic.


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