Nothing in particular. It certainly does not represent acceleration.
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The area under a graph of force against distance (or extension, if it's a spring) represents the work done by that force. Since it sounds like you're talking about a spring, you should know that the area would represent the work done to stretch the spring that distance, and also represents the amount of elastic potential energy contained by the spring.
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Yuo cannot include a graphical illustration here. Take a look at the Wikipedia, under "exponential function" and "logistic function". Basically, the exponential function increases faster and faster over time. The logistics function initially increases similarly to an exponential function, but then eventually flattens out, tending toward a horizontal asymptote.
The discriminant is the expression under the square root of the quadratic formula.For a quadratic equation: f(x) = ax2 + bx + c = 0, can be solved by the quadratic formula:x = (-b +- sqrt(b2 - 4ac)) / (2a).So if you graph y = f(x) = ax2 + bx + c, then the values of x that solve [ f(x)=0 ] will yield y = 0. The discriminant (b2 - 4ac) will tell you something about the graph.(b2 - 4ac) > 0 : The square root will be a real number and the root of the equation will be two distinct real numbers, so the graph will cross the x-axis at two different points.(b2 - 4ac) = 0 : The square root will be zero and the roots of the equation will be a real number double root, so the graph will touch the x-axis at only one points.(b2 - 4ac) < 0 : The square root will be imaginary, and the roots of the equation will be two complex numbers, so the graph will not touch the x-axis.So by looking at the graph, you can tell if the discriminant is positive, negative, or zero.
The integral function of calculus is the method for determining the area under a curve. The limiting chord process is the "simple" math understanding required to learn the "complex" function of "integration". BTW: the derivative function is a "cousin" of the integral function which is used to determine the slope of curve at a given point.