28 = 11100
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10011101: Decimal = 157 Hexadecimal = 9D
Decimal: 170Hex: AA
D = 13
The numbers used are 0, 1, 2, ... , 15. However, the numbers 10 to 15 are denoted by A, B, C, D, E and F. This is to distinguish between, for example, the decimal 11 and the hex 11. The latter is 1*161 + 1 (in decimal) or 17 (in decimal).
A signed 16 bit number can represent the decimal numbers -32768 to 32767.