Divide 40 by 2, which is the base of binary, and then divide the quotient obtained by 2. Continue the process as long as the quotient obtained in each case is greater than 1.
40 = 2 x 20 + 0
20 = 2 x 10 + 0
10 = 2 x 5 + 0
5 = 2 x 2 + 1
2 = 2 x 1 + 0(We stop here as quotient is 1)
Remainder obtained in first step is given the lowest priority and priority goes on increasing with each step.
And the binary equivalent is obtained as:
Write the quotient obtained in last step followed by the remainder according to the priority: 101000.
Thus, binary equivalent is 101000.
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