inferential statistics allows us to gain info about a population based on a sample
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Descriptive statistics label, name, or give information about a variable. Inferential stats are inferred from a smaller data set to be valid for the whole population.
I have included a reference that has the answer for your question. http://www.socialresearchmethods.net/kb/statinf.php
The division of statistics are generally divided into two groups: inferential and descriptive. Inferential statistics require that a conclusion is drawn from data, based almost solely on human inference. Descriptive statistics are numbers that describe a set of data.
inferential statistic