A ruler: I have got one right next to me on my desk.
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Typically, one would use a tape measure or ruler and find the dimensions of the object. The dimensions are reported in length x width x height.
the perimeter is the distance around an object you add up the sides unless it is an odd shape than you could use a string and then measure that
The easiest way is to use Archimedes principle ! Immerse the object in a container of water that is full to the brim - then collect the displaced over-spill, and measure it.
A beaker. Simply fill the beaker with a known quantity of liquid. Drop the object into the beaker, and measure the difference in the fluid levels.
To measure the area of an arbitrary two dimensional shape you will use a planimeter. To measure an area you could also just use a simple ruler depending on how big the area is.