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Copernicus's system used circles and epicycles, just like the ancient Ptolemaic system, with the difference that by placing the Sun at the centre Copernicus could simplify the complicated paths taken by the planets through space.

Kepler had the advantage of new accurate observations made by Tycho Brahe at the end of the 16th century, and these enabled Kepler to realise that by using elliptical orbits for the planets, the modelled positions could be fitted more closely with the measured positions.

Kepler retained the idea of having the Sun at the centre and it is the model used today with slight modifications from Einstein's theory of relativity.

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Q: What is the main difference between keplers system and the Copernicus system?
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