Any number that you choose can be the nth number. There are infinitely many rules, based on a polynomial of order 5, such that the first five numbers are as listed in the question. There are also non-polynomial solutions. Short of reading the mind of the person who posed the question, there is no way of determining which of the infinitely many solutions is the "correct" one.
Using the principle of Occam's razor, the answer is
U(n) = 10*n
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6n+10
n(n+1)
3 x 10(n-1)
The difference between the terms increases by 2 each time. 20-12=8 30-20=10 42-30=12 56-42=14 ... f(n)=(n+2)(n+3)
35