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The radius of a circle or sphere is a straight line from the centre to the edge.
A tangent is always perpendicular to the radius of a circle. A radius is a straight line going from the center of the circle to the circumference (edge) of the circle. A tangent is a straight line outside the circle that touched the circle at one (and only one) point. When a tangent touches the outside edge of the circle at the same point where a radius touches the edge of the circle, the angle between the radius and tangent line is 90 degrees meaning they are perpendicular.
The radius of a circle is one half of the circle's diameter, any line going from the center of the circle to the circle itself. A line connecting other points on a circle (or on any curve) is called a chord.
Radius is the shortest distance via straight line between the center point of the circle and its perimeter. Diameter is the greatest distance via straight line from one perimeter of the circle to the opposite perimeter. Diameter = 2x Radius.
No. A chord is a straight line joining two points on the circumference of a circle whereas a radius joins only one point on the circumference to the circle centre. A diameter is a straight line joining two points on the circumference (via the circle's centre) and so is also a chord. (Yes, but the question is about a radius, not a diameter!)