a rectangle
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A rectangle is a four-sided figure with two long sides and two short sides. The two long sides are the length of the rectangle. The two short sides are the width of the rectangle.
Definitely a quadrilateral. However, if the short sides are equal in length, and the long sides are equal in length then it could be a Kite, Rectangle or Parallelogram, depending upon whether the two short sides are next to, or opposite to, each other, and in the latter case if the angles are all 90° or not. Also, if two of the sides are parallel but the other two are not, then it could be a trapezium.
There are only two. Kappa (K k) and kite. Kappa is the 10th letter in the Greek alphabet and is used for certain curves. Kite is a quadrilateral. It has two adjacent short sides and two adjacent long sides. In other words, it is the shape of a kite.
If it has four equal sides, then two parallel sides implies two PAIRS of parallel sides. The shape is a rhombus.
A quadrilateral. If the short sides are equal in length and the long sides are equal in length then it is a kite. Otherwise it could be a trapezium (eg one with sides 4, 5, 16, 13) or it is an irregular quadrilateral.