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Which instrument is used for precise measurement of refractive index?
Spectrometer
What should be the base when 81 is written as a power of which the index is 2?
92 = 81
Properties of a ruby?
The chemical composition of ruby is aluminum oxide (Al 2 O3). Its specific gravity is 3.99 to 4.00 and refractive index range is 1.760-1.768 to 1.770-1.779. Ruby's hardness on Mohs scale is 9. It's the next hardest mineral after diamond.
Can the index of refraction ever be less than zero?
No. This would imply that the speed of light in that medium was greater than the speed of light in a vacuum, which is physically impossible according to the theory of relativity. The relative index of refraction can be negative... that is, the speed in the medium may be faster than the speed in the surrounding environment... but the absolute IR cannot be negative.
What is the index of refraction of a material if the angle of incidence in air is 50 degrees and the angle of refraction in the material is 40 degrees?
When a ray of light passes from material 1 to material 2: N1 sin θ1 = N2 sin θ2 where N1 & N2 are the refractive indices of the materials, and θ1 is the angle of incidence, θ2 the angle of refraction. From air to the material: N1 = 1.00, θ1 = 40°, θ2 = 50°, N2 = unknown, the index of refraction of the material: → 1.00 x sin 50° = N2 x sin 40° → N2 = 1.00 x sin 50° ÷ sin 40° → N2 ≈ 1.1917 (the index of refraction of the material)
