You'll need five.
2 x 2 x 5 x 5 x 5 = 500
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The answer is vague but correct . Take any two prime numbers whose combined digit length is 501 and their product will generate a 500 or a 501 digit number.
The prime numbers (factors) of 500 are: 2 and 5
500 multiplied by 2 or 500 times 2 is equal to 1000.
The prime factors are: 2, 5
There is no formula that will generate all the prime numbers less than or equal to 500. Perhaps the "next best thing" is that there are some formulas that will generate prime numbers for certain values that are plugged in to the formula, but not necessarily all the prime numbers. For example, the formula n2 - n + 41 will generate prime numbers for all values of n from 0 to 40, but not for all values greater than or equal to 41. But even for values of n that are less than or equal to 40, while the formula will result in a prime number, it doesn't generate all the prime numbers. The first few prime numbers generated by this formula (for n = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5) are 41, 41, 43, 47, 53, and 61. But many prime numbers get "skipped over" by using this, or any other, formula.