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It means that you substitute one expression by another, as a step of the integration. When you do a substitution, you must not forget to also substitute the differential in the integral, for example the "dx" (if the variable integrated is "x"). You can find some examples on how to do this in the Wikipedia article on "integration by substitution".

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It is a method in which the expression to be integrated, or a part of it, is replaced by another function. The purpose of the substitution is that, in the new form, integration is easier. It is important to remember that substitution changes the variable with respect to which integration needs to be carried out and so can also change the limits of integration.

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8y ago
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Q: What is Integration by substitution?
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