8 is the answer . Since half a kg is 500g, 100 g would cost 1/5 as much. 1/5 of 40 is 8.
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40 % of 12.5 grams = 12.5 * 40/100 grams = 5 grams
$100-$40 dollars
100 ÷ 40 = 2 and a half hours.
You have two-and-a-half hundreds and have 40 for each hundred, so two-and-a-half times 40 is your answer... ...or you could multiply 250 x 40 and divide by 100...
percent is per 100, so 2.5/100 is simplified as 1/40